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Tokens and Impulsivity for Children with ADHD
Impulsivity is defined as choosing a smaller, more immediate reinforcer instead of a larger, more delayed reinforcer. For example, a child with ADHD may display impulsive behavior when doing his/her homework by constantly leaving his homework station. This is impulsive behavior for the smaller more immediate break is chosen over the longer, sustained break he would receive if he would just complete his homework. Impulsive children always respond to immediate reinforcement over long term, regardless of quality. Visual feedback, such as a token board can be effective in increasing the length of time in which a student will wait to receive larger reinforcement, an important skill for the impulsive student to learn.
Our Expert Tip:
Display a “Token Board” near your child’s workstation. This could look like a clip board with poker chips stuck to it, a jar with pennies, or check marks on a piece of paper. Describe what work habits will be rewarded with tokens (i.e. completing assignments) and what behaviors may result in a loss of tokens (i.e. taking breaks before work is done). Post these expectations as a reminder to your child and be sure he/she is in agreement with them. Establish exchange times where your child may “cash in” his/her tokens for rewards such as swimming in the pool with mom/dad, money for the ice cream truck, trips to the beach, or other fun activities.
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